Skin Effect & Proximity effect of Transmission Line

Skin Effect:-Overhead line carrying the entire cross section across the current fairly constant during calculation have been separated is taken. During the direct current. The easy Conductor surface is always higher than the current trend of systems density be. Alternating  current induction of  outlets, this is called the skin effect. Resistance conductor due to skin effect and increase contrast reduce reactance. Of Electrical balancing   line is loss .

Skin effect and it explanation: - A conductor steady Direct Current (steady d.c.) when the flow is balanced across the broad cross section of the conductor. But if current conductor alternating all sure  opened  not have central conductor surface. The skin effect is  alternating outlets. This means that (The tendency of alternating current to concentrate near the surface of a conductor is known as skin effect ).In particular, that all depends on: -

A. Conductive materials: - conductor skin effect depends on the physical criteria.

B. Wire diameter - the diameter increases with the increase in skin effect.

C. Frequency: - higher than the level of Frequency skin effects.

D. Wire size: - Solid conductor wire for the skin effect is less stranded.

The wire diameter <1 cm, and Frequency <50 Hz when the skin effect is negligible. Ways to reduce the skin effect: -. Conductor  reduced diameter.. Non-magnetic material, copper is used instead of the Aluminum. The shape of hollow cylinders or barrels to the conductor.. Stranded the conductor .

Proximity effect: - Proximity Effect of a line of skin-like effects of unequal current distribution across the wire cross section is due to occur. Skin effects are asleep, the cable is not near any other conductor. But if both of the two parallel conductive wire that is in the Magnetic flux between. The effect of remote half-side  flux half-side than wait in line. If the reverse current is untapped, it increases both wire near the currant density. On the other hand, if the remote parts of the current density unidirectional current increases. Such an event (phenomenon) of the Proximity Effect. That depends on: -

A. Material conductor.

B. Conductor diameter.

C. Frequency

D. Conductor structure (stranded / Solid).

E. Pharmability etc.

If a line parallel to increase the frequency and Pharmability it emerged in the Proximity Effect. 

Conductor spacing, and for increasing its use of the Proximity Effect stranded reduce and eliminate currant.