মঙ্গলবার, ১৭ জানুয়ারী, ২০১২

International system of Power Developments Part :-2

Comparison between International AC and DC transmission:
A.C Transmission
D.C Transmission
1. Three of his needs, and costs more than copper.
1. Two of his eyes. Arthin paribahiteo niutrala as the one found in tryansamit. The savings are more than copper.

2. Inductens, capasitens, power factor and the effect of current  surgeon.

2. Inductens, capasitens, power factor and the surgeon there is no response.

3. Current skin effect.

3. No skin effect.

4. Inasulation Electrical stress on the need for more haoyate inasulation is relatively high.
4. Inasulation on the electric a.c. Sira more than 1.414 times. It takes less inasulation.

5. Charging current is induced attenuation. Or even no - load conditions.

5. Charging current is induced attenuation.

6. Communication lines are produced by the surrounding bodies, and the disruption and loss.

6. Communication lines are very low and the waste produced by the surrounding bodies and less disruptive.

7. More pressure on the electrical inasulation dioxide - more than an electric lasao.

7. Less pressure on the electrical inasulation dioxide - electric lasao less.

8. Voltage regulation is demoted.

8. Voltage quality of the Regulation.

9. Transmission styabilaijarer long line needs.

9. I do not need long transmission styabilaijarer line.













Comparison between International overhead and underground transmission and distribution 
system:
Overhead system
Underground system
1.Overhead line, usually wood, concrete or Steal taoyare inasuletar madhyame fitting the poll.

1. Underground cable
 through the bottom of the
soil generally kanduit or go
through the trench.

2.Poll at the top of the line placement is likely to take so transformer accident.
2.Platforms are installed
in the indoor accident likely
will not.

3.Compared a low initial cost.

3.The initial cost is too high
compared.

4.Power line extension, or change it.

4.Manhole, daktc etc.
are permanently installed.
This change is not a chance.
 Erajanya putting a new line to
change it.

5. Errors likely.

5.The probability of error
of less than the underground trench.

6.Line, a simple error detection and repair.

6.Line error detection
 and repair is not easy for 
many of the complex.
7.The distance between the line condutor spacing more than  inductance line. Thus, the voltage drops too.

7.The distance between the line condutor spacing inductance less than  line. The voltage drop is less.

8.The distance between the line of condutor  capactance and carjim current amount is less than  line.

8.The distance between the line condutor  less than the amount of the current line capactance and carjim.

9.Any object or vegetation on his line of thunderstorms and the details of power supply interruption.

9.Effects of Lightning, and dropdown objects. The interruption of power supply and not.
10.Measures to prevent the serge voltage.

10.Serge voltage cable sith exploitation of the mineral.

11Open space through the conductive line is, this is the beauty of the city.

11.beauty occurs due to underground cable line.

12.Distribution line, electricity theft through illegal connections are.

12. A person may not, without proper authority others hand.

13.Any object or vegetation on his line of thunderstorms and the details of power supply interruption.

13. Effects of Lightning, and dropdown objects. The interruption of power supply and not.



Advantages of High Voltage transmission over Low Voltage transmission:
1.Transmission  efficiency increases for low-end line of the Los.
2.Line is the line voltage drop is less than the standard outlets. The voltage regulation is very advanced.
3.Metarial transmission voltage conductor size vary, so if you have more than transmission voltage value is less than the cost of copper.
http://www.energy.siemens.com/mx/pool/hq/power-transmission/HVDC/ultra-hvdc-transmission-systems/applications/overhead-line-transmission-b.jpg
 Overhead Transmission Line

http://www.undergrnd.com/images/slides/Services/Utilities/Black-Veatch/utilities_019.jpg
Underground Transmission Line

More high transmission voltage limitation:
If the electrical power supply in case of more high bholteje is some difficulty. Such as -
1. Trnsmission voltage will be more, much more than line inasulession manao. This line will support the costs.
2. Ground clearence and conductor spacing should be greater. Increase in size proportional to the cross-arm and the Tower.
3. Transmission voltage will be more, so size will transformer and other control equipment. Thus, increasing the power supply voltage and power loss is less than the cost of the Rising copper, but the cost of increased transmis. So consider all aspects of the supply voltage value is increased to a certain limit mold, so that the overall profit of the whole system.
Comparing the cost of conductor of different overhead system:
a. For each method of transport (P watts) is equal.
b. For each method transmission line spacing (L meter) level.
c. For each method of waste (W watts) is equal.
d. Conductor and the Earth in every way, the maximum voltage (Vm volts) are equal.
      
COULD I will now discuss the theory person tahacech:

http://paranewsinsider.com/images/kelvin.jpg
                              Lord kelvin
 Expression for the most economic size of conductor by Kelvin's law:
It's the first well-known scientist Lord kelvin most economical conductor size of 1881 for a diagnosis of a species stated. His opinion, the annual cost of a transmission lines that cross the minimum required to keep, he will be the most economical prasthacchedai. In other words, let's look a little differently presented, “The most economical area of ​​conductor is that for which the variable part of annual charge is equal to the cost of energy losses per year”. Here is a portion of the total line transmission two namely: 
1. Annual cost of energy wasted.
2. Annual charge on capital outlay.

Annual charge on capital outlay:
Expenditure as a transmission line all most installation, cost and construction cost of the initial cost of conductor saport and inasuletar annual interest and depreciation value. The line of cases, the overhead cost Constant Insulator-conductor cable cross section depends on the cost. Therefore, obhabaheda transmission line is expressed as an annual charge .
Annual interest and depreciation = TK. (P1 + P2A) ... ... .. 1
 P1 and P2 and A certain number of conductor area.
Annual cost of energy wasted.:
I ² R loss conductar current induced energy dissipation. The Constant Current flow lines during the whole year is wasted energy produced by the conductor regisistance. The conductor area regisistance vary, so the overhead line, the annual apacayake      

        transmission are expressed as: annual energy produced by waste Costs = TK.Q / A ... .. 11
Q is another real number.
Year total financial loss, = L = TK. {(P1 + P2) + Q / A} ... .. 111
The dL / dA = 0, then this loss will be less than the amount most.
dL / dA = d / dA (P1 + PA + Q / A)
= P-Q / A ²
Minimum financial losses from overhead power lines transmission
0 = P-Q / A ² or PA = Q / A
or
variable part of annual charge = Annual cost of energy wested.

                  A = √ Q / P ... ... IV


N.B:- we can find out the next blog different aspects of system loss. I am an engineer, so you can collect various power plante information is all about. Next week you can also learn new things.



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